Fedora30 构建 Flatpak 应用

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系统环境

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Fedora release 30 (Thirty)
Linux Fedora30 3.10.0-1062.1.1.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Sep 13 22:55:44 UTC 2019 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

Flatpak 安装

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# 安装flatpak
# yum install flatpak flatpak-builder

# 添加flathub仓库
# flatpak remote-add --if-not-exists flathub https://flathub.org/repo/flathub.flatpakrepo

# 添加GNOME稳定版的仓库（已失效）
# wget https://sdk.gnome.org/keys/gnome-sdk.gpg
# flatpak remote-add --gpg-import=gnome-sdk.gpg gnome https://sdk.gnome.org/repo/
# flatpak remote-add --gpg-import=gnome-sdk.gpg --if-not-exists gnome-apps https://sdk.gnome.org/repo-apps/

# 添加GNOME每日构建版的仓库（最新）
# flatpak remote-add --if-not-exists gnome-nightly https://nightly.gnome.org/gnome-nightly.flatpakrepo

构建 Peek

Peek 是一款 AUR 上人气很高的屏幕录像工具，可保存录像为 gif 动图和兼容于 html5 的 webm 视频，可以运行在 GNOME 桌面环境下。Peek 官方提供的源码里，默认包含了构建 Flatpak 应用的 YAML 文件，直接执行构建操作即可。构建 Peek 之前，需要保证 Flatpak 的版本 >= 1.4.0，如果系统的 Flatpak 版本不满足要求，同时又不能升级 Flatpak 的版本，那么可参考本文最后给出的解决方案。

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# 查看flatpak的版本
# flatpak --version

# 下载源码
# wget -O peek-1.4.0.tar.gz https://github.com/phw/peek/archive/1.4.0.tar.gz

# 解压文件
# tar -xvf peek-1.4.0.tar.gz

# 进入构建目录
# cd peek-1.4.0/data/flatpak/

# 删除旧的应用文件
# rm -rf *.flatpak

# 安装运行时依赖gnome-platform-3.34（耗时较长），依赖flatpak的版本 >= 1.4.0
# flatpak install org.gnome.Sdk/x86_64/3.34
# flatpak install org.gnome.Platform-3.34

# 执行构建脚本
# ./build.sh

# 成功构建应用后，默认会生成".flatpakref"后缀的文件，例如：peek-stable.flatpakref

# 安装构建生成应用
# flatpak install xxxx.flatpakref

构建 Peek 的 YAML 文件

构建 Flatpak 应用离不开 YAML 配置文件，作用类似 Docker 的 docker-file，如果想自定义 Peek 的构建过程，可以参考下面 YAML 配置文件。

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app-id: com.uploadedlobster.peek
runtime: org.gnome.Platform
runtime-version: '3.34'
sdk: org.gnome.Sdk
sdk-extensions:
  - org.freedesktop.Sdk.Extension.rust-stable
branch: stable
command: peek
finish-args:
  - --share=ipc
  - --socket=x11
  - --env=GDK_BACKEND=x11
  - --socket=wayland
  - --talk-name=org.freedesktop.FileManager1
  - --talk-name=org.gnome.Shell.Screencast
  - --filesystem=home
  - --filesystem=xdg-run/dconf
  - --filesystem=~/.config/dconf:ro
  - --talk-name=ca.desrt.dconf
  - --env=DCONF_USER_CONFIG_DIR=.config/dconf
  - --env=LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/app/lib
build-options:
  cflags: -O2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2
  cxxflags: -O2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2
  ldflags: -fstack-protector-strong -Wl,-z,relro,-z,now
  append-path: /usr/lib/sdk/rust-stable/bin
cleanup:
  - /include
  - /lib/pkgconfig
  - /share/gtk-doc
  - "*.la"

modules:
  - name: ffmpeg
    config-opts:
      - --disable-debug
      - --disable-static
      - --enable-gpl
      - --enable-libvpx
      - --enable-libx264
      - --enable-shared
      - --enable-libxcb
      - --enable-libxcb-xfixes
      - --disable-libxcb-shape
      - --disable-ffplay
      - --disable-ffprobe
      - --disable-doc
      - --disable-everything
      - --enable-bsf=vp9_superframe
      - --enable-decoder=libvpx_vp9
      - --enable-decoder=png
      - --enable-decoder=rawvideo
      - --enable-encoder=apng
      - --enable-encoder=ffvhuff
      - --enable-encoder=gif
      - --enable-encoder=libvpx_vp9
      - --enable-encoder=libx264
      - --enable-encoder=png
      - --enable-demuxer=image2
      - --enable-demuxer=matroska
      - --enable-muxer=apng
      - --enable-muxer=gif
      - --enable-muxer=image2
      - --enable-muxer=mp4
      - --enable-muxer=webm
      - --enable-filter=crop
      - --enable-filter=fps
      - --enable-filter=palettegen
      - --enable-filter=paletteuse
      - --enable-filter=scale
      - --enable-protocol=file
      - --enable-indev=xcbgrab
    sources:
      - type: archive
        url: https://ffmpeg.org/releases/ffmpeg-4.2.1.tar.xz
        sha256: cec7c87e9b60d174509e263ac4011b522385fd0775292e1670ecc1180c9bb6d4
    modules:
      - name: yasm
        cleanup: "*"
        sources:
          - type: archive
            url: http://www.tortall.net/projects/yasm/releases/yasm-1.3.0.tar.gz
            sha256: 3dce6601b495f5b3d45b59f7d2492a340ee7e84b5beca17e48f862502bd5603f
      - name: libx264
        config-opts:
          - --enable-pic
          - --enable-shared
        sources:
          - type: git
            url: https://git.videolan.org/git/x264.git
            commit: 72db437770fd1ce3961f624dd57a8e75ff65ae0b
        cleanup:
          - /bin/x264

  - name: gifski
    buildsystem: simple
    build-options:
      build-args:
        - --share=network
    skip-arches:
      - aarch64
      - arm
    sources:
      - type: archive
        url: https://github.com/ImageOptim/gifski/archive/0.9.1.tar.gz
        sha256: f39a6e510e825bf4b43aebd1d7fb581d3b59a11bf7521bf6f507d4b0fa684b76
    build-commands:
      - cargo build --release --features=openmp --verbose
      - install -Dm755 target/release/gifski /app/bin/gifski

  - name: peek
    buildsystem: meson
    config-opts:
      - --buildtype=release
    build-options:
      cflags: -L/app/lib
    sources:
      - type: git
        url: ../..
        branch: 1.4.0
    modules:
      - name: keybinder3
        sources:
          - type: archive
            url: https://github.com/kupferlauncher/keybinder/releases/download/keybinder-3.0-v0.3.2/keybinder-3.0-0.3.2.tar.gz
            sha256: e6e3de4e1f3b201814a956ab8f16dfc8a262db1937ff1eee4d855365398c6020
© 2019 GitHub, Inc.

解决构建 Peek 时依赖 Flatpak 的版本必须大于 1.4.0 的问题

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# 更改YAML配置文件，指定org.gnome.Platform为其他低版本
runtime: org.gnome.Platform
runtime-version: '3.32'